What is the difference between Green Tea and Black Tea?

The main difference between green tea and black tea is that black tea is oxidized during production while green tea is not.

Tea is an addictive beverage we all love. It is true that green and black tea varies in colour and taste. These differences are a result of their manufacturing process. During the process of black tea production, manufacturers first roll the tea leaves and then expose the tea leaves to air to enhance the oxidation process. Consequently, the leaves become dark brown, and the flavors get more intense. However, green tea has a relatively light colour and a milder taste than black. This is mainly because manufacturers focus on avoiding oxidation during the processing of green tea. Despite these differences, both varieties provide significant benefits to your health.

Green tea is a common variety of tea produced using the evergreen Camellia sinensis plant. In processing green tea, the manufacturers heat the leaves of green tea just after harvesting them in order to avoid the process of oxidation.

Geographically, green tea plantations can be mainly found in China and Japan. When it comes to brewing, we usually use water with a relatively low temperature to prepare green tea (at or around 175 degrees). Some Japanese green teas, such as Kabusecha and Gyokuro, require a much lower temperature, around 140 degrees.

Black tea is another variety of tea prepared by the leaves taken from the same plant Camellia sinensis. However, unlike the leaves of green tea, the manufactures completely oxidize the black tea leaves right after harvesting them. The process of oxidation turns the leaves into a dark brown or a black shade, unlike the green tea leaves, which preserve their natural green shade.

Currently, different varieties of black tea are mainly grown in India and China. Some of the world-famous black tea varieties are Assam, Golden Yunnan and Darjeeling. Further, Vietnam and Nepal are the other two large-scale black tea producing  Asian countries in the world.

In contrast to green tea, when brewing black tea, we use boiling water at or around a temperature of 212 degrees. Moreover, we steep black tea for about 3-5 minutes.

What is Refresh Rate in Display? How is it different from Frame Rate?

Refresh rate is the frequency at which the screen updates with new images each second, measured in hertz (cycles per second). The content may look steady on the display, but what the viewer can’t see is how fast the content is changing — up to 360 times a second. The higher the refresh rate, the smoother the visual quality.

Super high monitor refresh rates aren’t all that important for office workers focused on lighter computing like word processing, spreadsheets and emails. But in more visual professions like creative production and game development, a high refresh rate for monitors is invaluable.

The standard refresh rate for desktop monitors is 60Hz. But in recent years, more specialized, high performing monitors have been developed that support 120Hz, 144Hz and even 240Hz refresh rates, which ensure ultra-smooth content viewing, even for the most demanding visual processing needs.

Just buying a high refresh rate monitor doesn’t mean the display quality will magically improve. The monitor’s refresh rate reflects the maximum rate at which the display can change the visuals. What happens on the screen depends on the frame rate of the output — the number of video frames that are sent to the display each second.

The majority of Movies, for example, are shot and produced at 24 frames per second (fps), so a 60Hz monitor will easily offer smooth playback. But having a 120Hz monitor (or even faster) won’t provide any visible benefit to playback quality.

Refresh rate is a measure of how many frames a monitor can refresh every second. FPS, however, is a measure of the ability of the graphics card to draw a number of frames on the display each second. While both are a measure of different things, they are directly related and affect each other.

What are Nits in Display?

A Nit (nt) is a unit that represents the intensity of visible light. Nits are commonly used to describe the brightness of video displays, such as LED panels. The name nit is believed to have come from the Latin nitere, a word meaning 'to shine'. 

One nit is equal to one candela per square meter. You may have seen light measures like candelas, lumens, lux, and others. But the nit, because it is a measurement of luminous intensity over a given area, makes it more useful for comparing relative brightnesses of displays even if they're not all the exact same size. It is the measurement you are going to see most.

Another common measurement of light intensity, the lumen, is often used in rating projectors, so you may run across it. It is a measurement of reflected light at a distance from the reflecting surface. And because projectors are still often used in indoor venues, comparing nits and lumens can be useful. In round terms, 1 nit is equal 3.5 lumens (3.426 to be more exact).

A simple way to remember the difference between nits and lumens is that the nit is analogous to sunlight, direct light; while the lumen is more like moonlight, or reflected light.

How does a Ball Point Pen work?

A Ball point pen is a pen that uses a small rotating ball made of brass, steel, or tungsten carbide to disperse ink as you write. All of the pens that preceded the ballpoint -- whether quill, metal or fountain -- used a watery, dark india ink that fed through the pen using capillary action. The ink can flow unevenly.

The ball is located in between the ink reservoir and the paper by a socket, and while it's in tight, it has enough room to roll around as you write. As the pen moves across the paper, the ball turns and gravity forces the ink down the reservoir and onto the ball where it is transferred onto the paper. It's this rolling mechanism that allows the ink to flow onto the top of the ball and roll onto the paper you're writing on, while at the same time sealing the ink from the air so it does not dry in the reservoir.

How does Digital Thermometer Work?

Digital Thermometers are slowly replacing the conventional mercury thermometer due to the ease of taking reading. People often have the misconception that it contains mercury. Digital Thermometers are mercury free. These thermometers contain thermistor inside the tip which is used to measure the temperature. They provide quick and highly accurate results over the body temperature range. 

These thermometers are easy to read with LCD display on them. They are equipped with beep alarm & memory function and can record a wide range of temperature. Doctor’s thermometer which are mostly used can read temperature between 94oF and 105oF (35oC and 42oC). It is three in one thermometer as it can record oral, auxiliary and rectal temperatures.

The tip is said as the heart of the thermometer. It is the placed closed to the body part to measure the temperature of the body. The tip of the Thermometer contains thermistor to measure temperature. It is a ceramic semiconductor which is bonded in the tip with temperature sensitive epoxy. It is covered with a cap so to prevent it from the outer world. The cap may be made up of metal or stainless steel. Thermistor is responsible for converting the physical temperature into electrical signals.

Thermistor is a special kind of semiconductor in which the value of resistance changes with the change in temperature. Due to change in resistance value, the output voltage changes and the temperature change is detected.

What is Tempered Glass?

Tempered glass is not harder or softer, easier to scratch, break, or more porous than annealed, but it is tougher. Tempered glass is designed to use in areas where there is a high risk of contact, temperature changes, high temperatures, and breakage.You will often find tempered glass in architectural situations like windows, glass railing, wall cladding, shelving, doors, and showers. 

Unlike annealed glass or what we know as “ordinary” glass, tempered glass does not break into large jagged shards that can cause serious injuries. Instead, it breaks into smaller granular pieces that are less likely to cause harm. This is why tempered glass is used in passenger vehicle windows, refrigerator trays, shower enclosures, microwave ovens, and other things we use on a regular basis.Tempered glass is also much stronger than annealed glass. It undergoes a complex manufacturing process that toughens it both physically and thermally.

To prepare glass for the tempering process, it must first be cut to the desired size. The glass is then examined for imperfections that could cause breakage at any step during tempering. An abrasive such as sand paper takes sharp edges off the glass, which is subsequently washed. Next, the glass begins a heat treatment process in which it travels through a tempering oven, either in a batch or continuous feed. The oven heats the glass to a temperature of more than 600 degrees Celsius. (The industry standard is 620 degrees Celsius.) The glass then undergoes a high-pressure cooling procedure called "quenching." During this process, which lasts just seconds, high-pressure air blasts the surface of the glass from an array of nozzles in varying positions. Quenching cools the outer surfaces of the glass much more quickly than the center. As the center of the glass cools, it tries to pull back from the outer surfaces. As a result, the center remains in tension, and the outer surfaces go into compression, which gives tempered glass its strength. 

Another approach to making tempered glass is chemical tempering, in which various chemicals exchange ions on the surface of the glass in order to create compression. Glass in tension breaks about five times more easily than it does in compression. Annealed glass will break at 6,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Tempered glass, according to federal specifications, must have a surface compression of 10,000 psi or more; it generally breaks at approximately 24,000 psi.

What Do We Actually Smell When It Rains?

When those first fat drops of summer rain fall to the hot, dry ground, have you ever noticed a distinctive odor? Of course rain itself has no scent. But moments before a rain event, an “earthy” smell known as petrichor does permeate the air. People call it musky, fresh, generally pleasant.

Petrichor is the term coined by Australian scientists in 1964 to describe the unique, earthy smell associated with rain. It is caused by the water from the rain, along with certain compounds like ozone, geosmin, and plant oils.

Petrichor is a combination of fragrant chemical compounds. Some are from oils made by plants. The main contributor to petrichor are actinobacteria. These tiny microorganisms can be found in rural and urban areas as well as in marine environments. They decompose dead or decaying organic matter into simple chemical compounds which can then become nutrients for developing plants and other organisms.

A byproduct of their activity is an organic compound called geosmin which contributes to the petr
ichor scent. Geosmin is a type of alcohol, like rubbing alcohol. Alcohol molecules tend to have a strong scent, but the complex chemical structure of geosmin makes it especially noticeable to people even at extremely low levels. Our noses can detect just a few parts of geosmin per trillion of air molecules.

When raindrops fall on the ground, especially porous surfaces such as loose soil or rough concrete, they will splatter and eject tiny particles called aerosols. The geosmin and other petrichor compounds that may be present on the ground or dissolved within the raindrop are released in aerosol form and carried by the wind to surrounding areas. If the rainfall is heavy enough, the petrichor scent can travel rapidly downwind and alert people that rain is soon on the way.

What Is The Difference Between Map And Globe?

A map and a globe are very much different. While a map gives a two dimensional presentation of certain regions in the world, a globe gives a three dimensional presentation of the entire world. A map is easy to use and portable, whereas a globe is not. The regions can be easily identified in a map than in a globe.

A map presents the physical features of a particular region of the earth on a plane surface. Maps come with various symbols and signs related to the geographical and physical features. A globe can be called as a duplicate earth. It is round in shape and shows accurat
e areas, distances, directions and relative shape and size.

A map presents a distorted view as it is flat. On the contrary, a globe presents a less deformed view as it is round in shape. When talking of accuracy, a globe is more accurate than the map. Maps may have wide gaps between regions, that are not seen in globes that only give the right measurements. In a map, one can see that the land towards the North Pole is shown larger than they are. It can also be seen that Antarctica is stretched shown as a stretched continent when it is actually round.

If a person is looking for more details, the map is the best one as it features a lot about specific regions. A map may include the boundaries, rail routes, climatic conditions, latitudes, longitudes and a lot more. Moreover, there are also various types of maps like geographical, physical, weather, tourism and transportation maps to name a few. Globe does not have all these minute details and also does not have many variations.

What Is The Difference Between Polarized And Non Polarized Sunglasses?

The difference between polarized and nonpolarized sunglasses lies in how they impact your eyesight while in the sun. Polarized sunglasses have the ability to reduce the amount of glares and sun hazes you’ll experience while in sunny environments, while nonpolarized sunglasses will not.

Polarized sunglasses contain polarized lenses. These lenses are treated with a special coating that gives them enhanced anti-blur and anti-haze protection, keeping your vision in the sun clearer than ever.  This coating is where the magic happens and helps make polarized eyewear the premier choice of lens type for drivers, hikers, and athletes. 

Non polarized lenses reduce the brightness of all kinds of light. This way they make it easier for us to see in strong light but they don’t do anything to help with the glare we can experience. They basically just reduce the amount of light getting to your eyes, which is definitely helpful but might not be the perfect solution to specific sunwear woes.

What’s the difference between Optical Zoom and Digital Zoom?

Zoom is a term that is often used in photography which signifies a change in the apparent distance between the camera and the subject. Zooming in photography is generally of two main types optical zoom and digital zoom. Both the methods use different technologies and produce different qualities in the results.

The main difference between optical zoom and digital zoom is that optical zoom involves a physical camera lens movement, which changes the apparent closeness of the image by altering its focal length whereas in digital zoom, the pixels are enlarged at the center of the screen and the scene being clicked is magnified.

Optical zoom is caused by the physical movement of the lens of the camera. It helps to magnify the scene without affecting the quality of the photo. Optical zoom provides clearer and zoomed photos. Optical zoom works by altering the focal length of the lens, thus bringing the image closer.

On the other hand, digital zoom is a type of inbuilt processing software in the camera that the user can use to zoom in after the picture has been clicked. It is done by enlarging the pixels in the center of the screen therefore it causes a decrease in the quality of the image and less resolution.

What is a Heart Murmur? What are some common reasons that Heart Murmurs occur?

Doctors listen to heart sounds by stethoscope. Normally heart sounds like "lub-dup". So there are two sounds : first heart sound (S1) and the second heart sound (S2). Sometimes a water flow like (whooshing or swishing) sound accompanies the "lub-dup". This is called heart murmur.

Heart murmurs are produced by turbulent blood flow across an abnormal heart valve, septal defect of heart or outflow obstruction from heart; or they may be produced by increased volume or velocity of blood flow through a normal heart valve.

Murmurs are produced both in normal and abnormal heart. Heart of pregnant woman and athletes may produce murmurs. These are the examples of "Innocent murmurs".

Other causes of heart murmur are : Valvular heart diseases (mitral stenosis and regurgitation, tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation, aortic stenosis and regurgitation, pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation), Patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect etc.

Are Apple seeds poisonous?

Apples are a popular and healthy fruit. Apples are easy to cultivate and tailor to certain tastes because of their resilient genetic diversity. They also have antioxidant properties that help protect against cancer-inducing oxidative damage, which can lead to various health problems. The saying “an apple a day keeps the doctor away” has withstood the test of time because of the impressive health profile of apples.

But as you bite deep into an apple, you are confronted with something not so sweet in its core: tiny black seeds. Unlike the sweet tang of the fruit, the tiny black seeds are another story. They contain amygdalin, a substance that releases cyanide when it comes into contact with human digestive enzymes. But acute toxicity is rare if you accidentally eat some of the seeds.

How cyanide works:

Cyanide is a chemical known as one of the deadliest poisons. It has been used in chemical warfare and mass suicide. Many compounds that contain cyanide—called cyanoglycosides—are found in nature, often in fruit seeds. Amygdalin is one of these.

Apple seeds, and many other fruit seeds or pits, have a strong outer layer resistant to digestive juices. But if you chew the seeds, amygdalin could be released in the body and produce cyanide. Small amounts can be detoxified by enzymes in your body. However, large amounts can be dangerous.

How much cyanide is lethal?

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)Trusted Source, 1–2 mg/kg is a fatal oral dose of cyanide for a 154 lbs. (70 kg) man. Most apple cores contain around 5 apple seeds. However, this amount will vary based on the health of the plant. You would need to finely chew and eat about 200 apple seeds, or about 40 apple cores, to receive a fatal dose.

The Agency for Toxic Substances & Disease Registry (ATSDR) says that exposure to even small amounts of cyanide can be dangerous. Cyanide can harm the heart and brain, and even lead to coma and death. ATSDR adds that people should avoid eating the seeds of apples, and the pits of fruits that include: peaches, apricots ,cherries.

Why do we get a runny nose after we Cry?

This runny nose is not mucus, but it actually is tears that came from your eyes.

Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland or commonly known as your tear gland located just above your eyes. Tears are important as a lubricant and to clean our eyes from particles in the air and are consistently produced by blinking our eyes. That is why when you feel your eyes are dry you are told to blink more. The tears are drained out to our noses through a lacrimal punctum. The lacrimal punctum is located in the inner corner of your eyes at both the upper and bottom eyelids. It is a small hole where your tears are drained to. In normal circumstances, the tears produced are very little and thus you may not notice it as it went into your nose. However, when you are crying you produced an excess of tears, and this tear goes into your nose mixed with the mucus that is already there and produces the snot which you usually have following a cry.

A blocked tear duct is a full or partial obstruction (blockage) in the nasal (nose) passageways that drain tears. If you have a blocked tear duct, your eyes may be itchy, irritated and watery. Another name for a blocked tear duct is nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Lacrimal refers to tears.

When a blocked tear duct doesn't open on its own, these techniques can help infants and adults:

Massage:

One of the easiest ways to fix a blockage in babies (or adults) is to massage the lacrimal sac -- the area where tears drain from the eye into the tear duct.

Antibiotics:

Your doctor may prescribe antibiotic eye drops or ointment.

Tear Duct Probing:

If your child's tear duct doesn't open on its own by age one, the doctor can do a procedure to remove the blockage.

For a few hours after tear duct probing, some children have blood-colored fluid drain from the eye.

Balloon Catheter Dilation:

If the blockage doesn't get better on its own or with probing, the doctor might try balloon catheter dilation.

What is the difference between a Biodata, CV and Resume?

Different formats are used in different job proposals, and knowing about all the formats is good.

Biodata:

Bio-data stands for Biographical data and is an archaic term for Resume or C.V. In a bio data, the focus is on personal particulars like date of birth, gender, religion, race, nationality, residence, marital status, and the like. A chronological listing of education and experience comes after that.

Unlike other formats, a biodata does not have much in terms of formatting and in most cases the format is provided by the institution. This makes it easy to collect data in very sequential manner but this format does not do much in the case of explaining the skills as it is not tailored according to the need of the company although it does prove ample amount of information about one’s skills and talents.

A biodata can range from about 1 page to 3 page depending on the quantity of information required by the institute.

C.V. (CURRICULUM VITAE):

Curriculum Vitae is a Latin word meaning “course of life”. It is more detailed than a resume, generally 2 to 3 pages, or even longer as per the requirement. This format is used when we want to describe our life’s activity in detail format. It covers general talent rather than specific skills for any specific positions.

A CV is generally used by college freshers or recent graduate seeking for the job. It can also be used by someone who is seeking a job change or someone who has not been in the industry for a long period of time. Although it is sort of a biography, there are certain rules to be followed to make sure that your CV is consistent with the general convention and trends used for writing the CV.

Resume:

Resume is a French word meaning “summary”. A resume is an outline or summary of one’s education, skills and employment. It does not list down all details of a profile, but showcases specific skills customized to the target job. It is thus usually 1 or at the max 2 pages long, written in the third person to give it an objective and formal tone.

Your resume must contain information in a condensed manner. Here you are required to provide only those skills and experiences that are relevant and essential for the job you have applied. You do not need to fill up everything that you may have in your arsenal of talent.

A good resume would start with a brief Profile of the candidate, Summary of Qualifications, followed by Industry Expertise and Professional Experience in reverse chronological order. Focus is on the most recent experiences, followed by responsibilities and accomplishments. Previous experiences are only presented as a summary. This would be followed by Education details and/or Professional Affiliations and/or Voluntary Initiatives.

Why some part of Plant explode upon touching?

Plants use many strategies to disperse their seeds, but among the most fascinating are exploding seed pods. 

Violets, poisonous squirting cucumbers, and touch-me-nots or Impatiens capensis (not to be confused with these touch-me-nots) have an effective way of dispersing their seeds: They burst! The forceful ejection sends the seeds flying as far away as possible from the original plant.

Several teams of scientists spanning different disciplines and countries, including Oxford mathematicians Alain Goriely and Derek Moulton, along with colleagues from Oxford's departments of Plant Sciences, Zoology and Engineering, worked together to discover how the seed pods of popping cress explode. A rapid movement like this is rare among plants: since plants do not have muscles, most movements in the plant kingdom are extremely slow. However, the explosive shatter of popping cress pods is so fast – an acceleration from 0 to 10 metres per second in about half a millisecond – that advanced high-speed cameras are required to see it.

The scientists, led by Angela Hay, a plant geneticist at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, discovered that the secret to explosive acceleration in popping cress is the evolutionary innovation of a fruit wall that can store elastic energy through growth and expansion and can rapidly release this energy at the right stage of development.

How does a Pedometer Count Steps? How is it different from Passometer?

The first pedometers were mechanical models that worked much like a pendulum clock. They featured tiny moving parts that would move back and forth along with the motion of the body as you walked. Each time your body moved with a step, the tiny parts would trigger a switch that would add one to your step count.

Modern pedometers work in a very similar way but are partly electronic. Open one up and you'll find a metal pendulum (a hammer with a weight on one end) wired into an electronic counting circuit by a thin spring. Normally the circuit is open and no electric current flows through it. As you take a step, the hammer swings across and touches a metal contact in the center, completing the circuit and allowing current to flow. The flow of current energizes the circuit and adds one to your step count. As you complete the step, the hammer swings back again (helped by the spring) and the circuit is broken, effectively resetting the pedometer ready for the next step. The pedometer shows a count of your steps on an LCD display; most will convert the step count to an approximate distance in miles or kilometers (or the number of calories you've burned off) at the push of a button. Note that in some pedometers, the hammer-pendulum circuit works the opposite way: it's normally closed and each step makes it open temporarily.

More modern pedometers take advantage of the many technological advances that have been made in the last decade. Rather than moving mechanical parts, these newer pedometers keep track of steps with internal gyroscopes, accelerometers, and Global Positioning System (GPS) signals.

Modern pedometers can also interact with smartphones via Bluetooth technology. This allows your pedometer to communicate with your smartphone to let it know your current step count. Software applications on your smartphone can then display this information so it's easier to see. These applications can also use that data to calculate other variables, such as distance walked and the number of calories burned.

If you've ever used a pedometer, you know they're not always 100% accurate. A pedometer might not always recognize a step if your body doesn't move enough. On the other hand, it might also count steps when you're not walking if you're otherwise moving your body or shaking the pedometer.

Passometer is an electromechanical and portable instrument, which count the number of paces or velocity of the body movement. It automatically records the number of paces. Its mechanism is being operated by the movement of the body. It is similar to the speed meter of any mechanical transport. But the speed meter counts the speed per a unit distance. And Passometer counts the pace of the body which is a circular or periodic measurement.

The pedometer is also an electromechanical and also a portable instrument, which count each step a person takes by detecting the motion of the person's hands or hips. Mainly it counts the distance how much the user passes. Or how much distance he crossed by. It is adjusted according to the length of the pace of the person carrying it. It is important to use it vertically for better measurement.

How do Night Vision Goggles work?

Most night vision devices rely on an image intensifier tube, which uses ambient low-light processes as a sort of jumpstart for a process that creates tens of thousands of photons for each original photon. While these devices may use infrared light, they are by no means reliant on them.

The first component of an image intensifier tube is a photocathode, a very thin layer of conductive metal that, when struck by a photon, releases electrons due to the photoelectric effect.

This layer of metal is generally coated with a thin film of protective material, perhaps aluminum oxide, to prevent large positive ions from poisoning the photocathode. This film lowers the efficiency of the photocathode but increases its lifetime tremendously.

These electrons travel through the tube (which is a vacuum), accelerating under the influence of a strong electric field. This acceleration is important for inducing secondary electron emission in the next component of the image intensifier tube, the micro-channel plate detector.

The micro-channel plate detector, true to its name, is a plate with very small holes in it.

These channels are tiny, about 10 micrometers in diameter. Naturally, a single plate contains thousands of these channels. When an electron enters the plate, it bombards the sides of the channel (unless it entered almost perfectly parallel to the channel). If the electron strikes the side with enough energy, it induces the release of more electrons.

These micro-channels have the added benefit of keeping the electrons in the same general position from when they went in, reducing fuzziness. If the electrons were allowed to fly around willy-nilly, the end result would be akin to white noise on a television set.

For each micro-channel, every electron bounce with sufficient energy releases more electrons as they travel down the tube, resulting in a final wave of electrons three to four orders of magnitude larger than the original. This swarm of electrons makes its way to the final component of the image intensifier tube, the phosphor screen.

The phosphor screen is made of a material which releases photons when struck by electrons. 

Photons hit a photocathode, which releases electrons. These electrons are multiplied by a micro-channel plate detector. The multiplied electrons hit a phosphor screen, which releases photons that you can see.

What is Fast Charging? How does it work?

With fast charging, you can charge your phone a lot faster than normal. That's useful if you're about to leave and notice that your phone is almost empty. After a quick charge, your phone will last another couple of hours.

The output of a charge is measured in amperage and voltage. Amperage (or current) is the amount of electricity flowing from the battery to the connected device, while voltage is the strength of the electric current. Multiplying volts by amps gives you wattage, the measure of total power.

To make a device charge faster, most manufacturers either boost the amperage or vary the voltage in order to increase the amount of potential energy. The majority of fast charging standards typically vary the voltage rather than boost the amperage.

standard USB 3.0 ports output at a level of 5V/1A for smaller devices like wearables. Most phones and other devices are capable of handling 5V/2.4A. For fast charging, you're looking at something that bumps the voltage up 5V, 9V, 12V, and beyond, or increases amperage to 3A and above.

Keep in mind, your device will only take in as much power as its charging circuit is designed for. For fast charging to work, you need a phone or other device with a charging circuit capable of using one of the fast charging standards, and an adapter and cable enabled for that same standard.

Types of Fast Charging:

Quick Charge: Qualcomm’s Quick Charge is the most common fast-charging standard simply because lots of companies use Qualcomm chipsets.

Adaptive Fast Charging: Samsung Adaptive Fast Charging, by contrast, is found on most current-generation Samsung devices and uses a variance of Qualcomm’s Quick Charge 2.0 (QC2.0) protocol.

Apple Fast Charging: Apple mobiles supports Fast Charging.

Pump Express: MediaTek Pump Express is another fast charging standard. In this case, it relies on varying voltage while also bumping up the current. Smartphones using Pump Express include some from Xiaomi, Motorola, Nokia, and others.

Other fast charging standards include Oppo Super VOOC Flash Charge, OnePlus Dash Charging, and Huawei Super Charge. Each requires a smartphone from the same company. Both the Oppo and OnePlus standard increases the current rather than the voltage, while Huawei’s technology varies the voltage and amperage.

Finally, there’s ANKER Power IQ, Which takes a different approach to fast charging in that it’s compatible with many of the others. In doing so, Anker offers supported products that operate using a single USB-C port. Doing so can adjust the voltage output based on the fast charging technology backed by the connected device.

​​How does a Lie detector work?

A lie detector, also known as a Polygraph test works by detecting physiological changes due to a psychological stimulus. The earliest version of the instrument was developed in 1921 by John Larson who combined changes in respiration, heart rate and blood pressure as physiological changes that occur when a person is lying. The modern polygraph is a technologically advanced system that measures the same parameters with high levels of accuracy with computers. 

The theory behind lie detection tests are that when people are lying they experience a different emotional state when compared to telling the truth, it is believed that in high stake scenarios, being anxious or afraid of getting caught when being guilty of an offense manifests physiologically. This is due to the sympathetic nervous systems response of flight and fight that releases hormones which increase heart rate, elevate body temperature and respiration. 

The term polygraph originates from the use of multiple sensors on the person being monitored, poly stands for many and graph is the single strip of paper that the recording is done on. The sensors measure breathing, pulse rate, blood pressure and perspiration and in some cases even measure c
ertain muscular movements of the arms and legs. A control test is first conducted to record the changes in these parameters when the person is saying the truth and then compared to questions related to the offense committed, a polygraph examiner than compares both graphs and sees if there was any significant change during the questioning of the offense.

The accuracy of polygraph tests have been questioned since its inception and many scientists believe that it is accurate only 75% of the time, while many experienced polygraph examiners and analysts argue that its accurate 87% of the time. This is the reason why polygraph tests are not admissible in trial in many countries. There have been case studies of innocent people failing the lie detector test out of nervousness and guilty persons clearing it by keeping calm. Polygraph is still employed by employers in federal agencies and in military industries but with a combination of other lie detection techniques and background verification.

Why do Eggs turn hard when you boil them?

 Eggs are rich in proteins, the three main components are the egg shell, the egg white and the egg yolk. All proteins are made of building blocks called as amino acids arranged in chains, the specific folding a chain of amino acid undergoes gives a protein its properties. 

Now this structure can be modified by various applications of heat or chemicals and the process of changing the original structure of a protein is called as denaturing.  Denaturation in simple words, alters the bonds between the amino acids chains in the original or native structure of the protein, altering the bonds alters the properties of the protein. 

In case of an egg, the egg white which is a semi-fluid state in its native form, on application of heat through boiling clumps together and hardens, forming the white exterior of boiled eggs, the egg yolk which is also in a semi-fluid state hardens forming the hard yellow yolk we find in a boiled egg. 

However food scientists have found that boiling eggs for different duration of time leads in different extent of denaturation, enabling them to experiment with dishes that have a slightly runny yolk or a slightly soft texture to the boiled egg.